List
Map

A

Angola

Argentina

Australia

Azerbaijan

B

Bangladesh

Benin

Brazil

C

Cambodia

Canada

Chile

China

Colombia

Cote d'Ivoire

Croatia

E

Ecuador

Egypt

Ethiopia

F

France

G

Germany

Ghana

Guinea

I

India

Indonesia

Italy

J

Japan

Jordan

K

Kazakhstan

Kenya

M

Malaysia

Mexico

Morocco

Myanmar

N

New Zealand

Nigeria

P

Pakistan

Paraguay

Peru

Philippines

Poland

R

Romania

Russia

Rwanda

S

Saudi Arabia

Senegal

Singapore

South Africa

South Korea

Spain

T

Tanzania

Thailand

Tunisia

Turkey

U

United Kingdom

United States

Uruguay

V

Vietnam

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Total forecast infrastructure investment gaps

>$200 billion
$150-$200 billion
$100-$150 billion
$50-$100 billion
$0-$50 billion
N/A

Energy

Telecommunications

Transport: Airport

Transport: Ports

Transport: Rail

Transport: Road

Water

List
Map

Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
World

Use the map to select a region

Total forecast infrastructure investment gaps

>$4,000 billion
$3,000 - $4,000 billion
$2,000 - $3,000 billion
$1,000 - $2,000 billion
$0 - $1,000 billion
N/A

About

Global Infrastructure Outlook allows you to explore the annual infrastructure trends, needs and gaps up to 2040 for 7 sectors, 56 countries, 5 regions and the world total. You can explore the implications of alternative GDP growth rates for infrastructure investment needs, and meeting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals for universal access to electricity and water for investment need.

Methodology

A top-down econometric approach using panel data to draw inferences on infrastructure investment.

Two forecasts are developed:

'current trend' in infrastructure investment under the assumption that countries continue to invest in line with current trends, with growth occurring only in response to changes in each country’s economic and demographic fundamentals; and
an 'investment need' forecast to demonstrate the investment that would occur if countries were to match the performance of their best performing peers, after controlling for differences in the characteristics of each country.

Regional and global totals are estimated by scaling up results from the sample of 50 countries included in the study using GDP shares.

Forecasts of the investment required to meet the UN Sustainable Development Goals for universal access to electricity, water and sanitation are calculated for low and middle income countries where access is currently less than 100 percent.

Global Infrastructure Outlook was first released in July covering 50 major countries around the world. It was updated in 2018 to 56 countries to include, at the time, the 10 African countries participating in the G20 Compact with Africa. A full explanation of the methodology can be found in both the 2017 report, and the 2018 report update.

Downloads

Factsheet 2017 Full Report Summary of 2018 Compact with Africa update 2018 Compact with Africa update report

Acknowledgements

The data from this website is from analysis and modelling by Oxford Economics, who the Global Infrastructure Hub engaged to produce Global Infrastructure Outlook. In undertaking this work Oxford Economics drew on information provided by third parties, upon which Oxford Economics has relied on in good faith. Oxford Economics has also relied on insights and knowledge developed from earlier research into infrastructure spending undertaken in conjunction with PwC.

The Global Infrastructure Hub would like to extend our thanks to the peer reviewers from the following organisations who provided a large number of helpful comments and suggestions: Australian Treasury, The Brattle Group, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter-American Development Bank, International Monetary Fund, and the University of Cape Town.

A G20 INITIATIVE

Forecasting infrastructure investment needs and gaps

Compare forecasts globally, or across

56countries

&

7sectors

&

5regions

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You are viewing the infrastructure needs for Energy, Telecommunications, and All Transports in Australia, United States and Europe.

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Sectors

Global forecasts

Investment estimates

$79 TrillionInvestment current trends
$94 TrillionInvestment needed
$15 TrillionInvestment gap

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SDG Disclaimer - Includes the additional investment needed for countries that have not yet met the SDGs.

Create your own analysis

1Start by choosing a region, country, or sector
2From there, you can select other geographies or sectors to compare to
3Download the resulting data for your own use

Regions
Countries
Sectors

Use the map to select a region

Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
World

Total forecast infrastructure investment gaps

>$4,000 billion
$3,000 - $4,000 billion
$2,000 - $3,000 billion
$1,000 - $2,000 billion
$0 - $1,000 billion
N/A
>1%
0.75% - 1%
0.5% - 0.75%
0.25% - 0.5%
0% - 0.25%
N/A

Use the map to select a country or view a list

Total forecast infrastructure investment gaps

>$200 billion
$150-$200 billion
$100-$150 billion
$50-$100 billion
$0-$50 billion
N/A
>2%
1.5% - 2%
1% - 1.5%
0.5% - 1%
0% - 0.5%
N/A

Energy

Telecommunications

Transport: Airport

Transport: Ports

Transport: Rail

Transport: Road

Water

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